What happens in an engine

First the normal situation in a 4 stroke engine

–           Normal outside air is taken in to the Cylinder

Air consists of

21% O₂

78% N₂

                            1% rest(H₂O,CO_2,trace of noble gasses, trace of other GHG)

The air can be pre-compressed by means of a turbo blower thus multiplying the amount of air that’s available for use in combustion.

–           The air is compressed to a much smaller volume

This way the pressure and temperature rise the temperature above the ignition point of the fuel

–           At, our around this minimum volume a small amount of fuel is injected with high pressure. The fuel is a mix of fluid HydroCarbons. In this Mix the molecules are built by Carbon (33%)atoms and Hydrogen (66%) in numbers and abt. 75%by weight for Carbon and abt. 25% for hydrogen.

–           The fuel ignites expanding rapidly temperatures and pressure depending on each other and the amount of fuel and quality injected

–           Until the max volume is reached

–           Then the exhaust valves open at the lowest point of the piston

The exhaust fumes are a mix of gases as tabulated

–           N_2, H₂O,CO_2,O_2, (If you have a complete combustion)

–           CO,NO_x, CH_{x ,} (when combustion isn’t complete at least not proper, these gasses are almost always found in even the cleanest engine)

–           At the highest point the exhaust valves close and inlet valves open (not necessarily at the same time).

–           And the double cycle starts anew.

Now we start infusing a mix Hydrogen and oxygen in the process (the gas)

• The Gas is mixed with the air before it enters the cylinder
• Depending on the mix ratio gas/air, at the injection point the gas either explodes or implodes thus two situations are possible for the rest of the process

The implosion usually occurs at low levels of gas and lower temperatures of the engine (we’ll discuss that later)

• In theory the gas won’t add anything to the process as the gas is perfectly mixed to create only water in the form of steam( luckily for us nature decided otherwise)
• As exhaust gas is analysed it appears that CO, NO_x, and other unwanted constituents are greatly reduced or eliminated. (The washing effect)
• Even at low levels of gas infusion this washing effect occurs.(This way we can make an engine comply with a stricter emission regime than it was built for)
• As gas is mixed in the air flow the exhaust gas temperature starts to drop
• As was already shown in 1989 in Birmingham University a small amount of steam present during combustion greatly reduces the noise levels of the engine and also reduces NO_x levels this effect is also found when adding Gas into the inlet air